![]() The applicable GST for BaaS is around 18 per cent which in a developing sector may be substantially higher. However, it is important to note that the BaaS ecosystem in India covers the mass market of two-wheeler and three-wheeler batteries which captures the bulk of the EV market share and in comparison, to four-wheelers are easier to swap. Further, the Policy currently does not extend to four-wheelers. In the absence of standard batteries or battery modules adapting to all size and models, swapping stations will be able to cater to vehicles only with a specific type of battery pack. In order to swap discharged batteries with a charged one at any swapping station, it is important that all EVs use a standard battery pack and connector to charge the battery. One of the issues in introducing swappable batteries is standardisation of batteries. While the Policy is considered as a move in the right direction by industry experts and stakeholders, it has its own set of challenges. ![]() However, this issue will only be resolved when swapping stations are successfully set-up. Battery swapping stations are easier, faster, and more convenient to establish and swapping of batteries is a less time-consuming process. This arises due to lack of proper charging infrastructure. Range anxiety: The primary fear of a vehicle owner is that they might run out of charge before reaching the destination, also referred to as ‘range anxiety’. This makes swapping stations more effective and less capital-intensive. On the other hand, charging batteries and swapping the discharged batteries requires lesser space as discharged batteries can be stacked up together and charged. Space: The plug-in chargers used at charging stations are slow and capable of charging only one vehicle at a time. The government has been providing various incentives to both manufacturers and consumers to make EVs affordable. Battery swapping is a quick alternative as replacement of discharged batteries with pre-charged batteries only takes a few minutes.Ĭost: Battery swapping eliminates the upfront cost incurred while purchasing an EV, by providing battery on a subscription basis. Time: Reports suggest that it takes a minimum of an hour or two to charge an EV. Some of the key features of the Policy are: (i) batteries will be equipped with advanced features like Internet of things-based monitoring system (ii) a unique identification number will be assigned to batteries and battery swapping stations (iii) existing incentives for purchasing EVs will be extended to batteries covered under this Policy (iv) providing technical guidelines, standards and principles required to establish a battery as a service model (“BaaS ”) (v) concerned ministries and state governments to provide electricity to swapping stations at concessional rates and (vi) land required to set up swapping stations to be provided by both government and public entities on a revenue sharing basis.īased on the above-mentioned key objectives of the battery swapping ecosystem, here are the pros and cons of swapping vs. ![]() The Policy is valid from the date of its public notification till March 31, 2025, post which the Ministry of Power may review, revise, and extend its validity. The swapping stations have been planned to be set-up in urban areas in two phases spread across a period of three years. The Policy focuses on two-wheelers, three-wheelers, light electric power train vehicles and E-Rickshaw/E-Cart and is intended to promote swapping of batteries with advanced chemistry cells. ![]() Reportedly, batteries consist of 40-50 per cent of the EV cost and a switch to an EV without a battery would eliminate this cost substantially, thereby making battery swapping a viable solution.Īfter the government introduced the draft battery swapping policy in the 2022-23 Budget, the NITI Aayog published the policy on April 20. In order to enhance the demand, manufacturers of EVs and its components have been trying to make EVs affordable, easy to charge and economically viable. With the aim to achieve net zero emissions by 2070 and a 100 per cent shift from internal combustion engine vehicles to electric vehicles (EVs) by 2030, the government has taken various steps to promote mass electrification of transportation. ![]() The Indian government, like most countries, has been proactively campaigning its goals to combat climate change. ![]()
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